Simple DIY Well Pump Troubleshooting Steps That Work

When your well pump stops working, don't panic. We'll guide you through four simple fixes that homeowners can handle themselves. First, check your power supply and breakers. Next, inspect the pressure switch—sometimes a gentle tap with a screwdriver does the trick. Then examine your pressure tank for waterlogging issues. Finally, test your water flow and quality for clues about underlying problems. These practical steps often solve common issues before calling a professional.

Key Takeaways

• Check for tripped circuit breakers and ensure the power switch near the pressure tank is on.
• Test the pressure switch by tapping it with a screwdriver handle; visible sparks indicate replacement is needed.
• Inspect for waterlogged pressure tanks if experiencing pulsing water flow or frequent pump cycling.
• Clean or replace clogged filters if you're experiencing persistently low water pressure.
• Verify pressure gauge reads between 40-60 psi and test voltage levels at pump terminal connections.

Power Supply and Electrical Component Inspection

When your well pump stops working, the first three areas to check are all electrical. We'll start with the obvious—make sure the power switch near your pressure tank is turned on and check your circuit breaker box for any tripped breakers on the double-pole circuit.

Next, we'll inspect the wiring connected to your pump. Look for corrosion or damage that might interrupt electrical flow and proper pump operation.

Then, test the voltage levels at the terminal connections to verify adequate power is reaching both the pump and pressure switch.

Don't overlook the pressure switch settings—they should operate within normal range for effective pump performance.

Finally, examine your capacitors for swelling or leaks. These troubleshooting steps often reveal the culprit behind well pump failures without requiring professional intervention.

Pressure Switch and Tank Assessment

After checking your electrical components, let's focus on the pressure switch and tank—two key players that often cause well pump problems.

Locate the pressure switch on the 1/4-inch tube near your pressure tank. Tap it gently with a screwdriver—if you see electrical sparks or feel no response, you've likely found your culprit. A malfunctioning pressure switch needs immediate replacement, using pipe dope or Teflon tape for proper sealing.

The pressure switch is often the hidden troublemaker—a gentle tap revealing sparks means it's time for replacement.

Next, inspect your pressure tank. Is your water pressure inconsistent? Notice unusual pump cycling?

Your tank might be waterlogged. This common maintenance issue requires draining and recharging with air to restore proper function.

Common Water Flow and Pressure Issues

Many homeowners notice water pressure issues before they realize their well pump system needs attention. When you're experiencing low water pressure, it's often due to clogged filters restricting water flow. But there's more to the story.

We've found that testing the switch and pressure tank's air charge should be part of regular pump maintenance. When your tank lacks sufficient air pressure, it forces your well pump to work overtime. Don't ignore these common issues—they're usually warnings of bigger problems ahead.

Testing Water Quality and System Performance

Testing your well water regularly is vital for both your health and your pump system's longevity. We recommend checking for bacteria, nitrates, and heavy metals at least annually to guarantee your water supply remains potable.

When your common well pump runs, keep an eye on the pressure gauge—it should maintain between 40-60 psi for peak performance.

Don't ignore changes in water quality; unusual color, odor, or taste might indicate contamination. These signs can help you catch issues before they damage your pressure switch or pump components.

We also suggest conducting a yearly video inspection to identify mineral buildup or structural problems.

Remember to inspect well casing integrity regularly—proper sealing prevents contaminants from entering and compromising your dependable water source.

Proactive monitoring saves you from costly repairs and guarantees your system delivers clean water consistently.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to Test a Well Pump to See if It Works?

We'll check if your well pump works by ensuring power is on, testing the pressure switch, measuring voltage, watching for short cycling, and confirming water flows from faucets.

How to Troubleshoot Well Pump Issues?

We'll help you troubleshoot your well pump issues by checking power supply, tapping the pressure switch, testing the tank for waterlogging, and monitoring pressure consistency with a gauge.

How to Prime a Well Pump That Has Been Sitting?

We'll prime that dormant well pump by first turning off power, locating and removing the priming plug, filling it with clean water until it overflows, then replacing the plug before restoring power.

How to Fix a Water Pump That Is Not Pumping Water?

We'll need to check the power supply first, then inspect the pressure switch, verify water levels, examine electrical connections, and look for blockages. These steps usually solve most pump problems.

Rick Callahan Plumbing & HVAC Expert at PSAM

Rick "The Plumbing & HVAC Guy" Callahan

Rick Callahan is the trusted authority for plumbing supplies, HVAC parts, and contractor solutions at Plumbing Supply and More (PSAM). With decades of hands-on experience in residential plumbing and light commercial HVAC systems, he helps pros and homeowners avoid costly mistakes by choosing the right fittings, valves, thermostats, and repair parts the first time.

As PSAM’s in-house technical advisor, Rick delivers practical, field-tested guidance on everything from copper piping to PEX plumbing systems—ensuring jobs get done faster, easier, and more reliably. He also curates “Rick’s Picks”—a no-nonsense list of must-have plumbing tools, HVAC maintenance gear, and seasonal essentials that keep projects efficient and dependable.

If it moves water or air, Rick has installed it, fixed it, or optimized it—and he’s here to help PSAM customers do the same.