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An expansion tank is designed to address the issue of thermal expansion in a closed-loop plumbing system. When water heats up, it expands, and without an expansion tank, this can lead to increased pressure in the system, potentially causing damage to pipes and fixtures. The expansion tank provides a space for the excess water volume to expand into, helping to maintain safe and consistent pressure within the plumbing system.
Expansion tanks typically consist of two chambers: one for air and one for water. The air chamber is separated from the water by a flexible diaphragm. As water in the system heats up and expands, it enters the tank, compressing the air in the upper chamber. This compression of air creates a cushion, which absorbs the increased water volume, preventing pressure spikes in the plumbing system. When the water cools down, the compressed air forces the stored water back into the system.
The need for an expansion tank depends on the specific characteristics of your plumbing system. Generally, expansion tanks are recommended for closed-loop systems with a backflow preventer, pressure reducing valve, or check valve, as these devices can create conditions for thermal expansion. To determine the right size of an expansion tank, consider factors such as the water heater's capacity, the water temperature rise, and the overall volume of water in the system. It's advisable to consult a plumbing professional to ensure you select the appropriate size and install it correctly for your specific needs.
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